====== Precipitation of Mineral Phases in Drinking Water Wells of the Water Supply of Lübeck ====== Analyses of 10 samples have been entered. The data are summerized in the file {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:data.xls | data.xls}}. A piper diagram has been prepared using the software Diagramme. {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:piper.png?direct&400 |Piper diagramme of chemical analyses of wells of the city of Lübeck}} ===== Student project ===== ==== Data ==== ^ Name ^ Libellé | Groupe | T°C | pH | c25°C | eH | O2 | Ca | Mg | Na | K | HCO3- | CO2 | F | Cl | Br | SO4 | NO2 | NO3 | Mn | NH4 | TOC | Fe | Zn | DOC | | Brunnen 3.1 | gw | 1 | 9.5 | 7.31 | 800 | -140 | 0.1 | 128 | 16.9 | 18.6 | 2.7 | 425 | 28.2 | | 27.9 | 0.07 | 46.4 | | | 0.203 | 0.37 | 3.2 | 3.09 | | 2.9 | | Brunnen 4.3 | gw | 1 | 9.6 | 7.35 | 607 | -175 | 0.1 | 122 | 9.7 | 13.4 | 2.6 | 365 | 17.6 | | 29.5 | | 51.4 | | | 0.106 | 0.16 | 1.8 | 1.71 | | 1.8 | | Brunnen 5 | gw | 1 | 9.5 | 7.27 | 639 | -79 | 0.2 | 117 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 1.9 | 336 | 14.5 | | 26.5 | | 46.4 | | | 0.146 | 0.38 | 2.3 | 1.53 | | 2.3 | | Brunnen 6 | gw | 1 | 9.2 | 7.36 | 700 | -154 | 0.1 | 119 | 9.4 | 12.4 | 3.5 | 318 | 19.4 | | 32.7 | 0.05 | 64.7 | | | 0.197 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 2.08 | | 1.7 | | Brunnen 7 | gw | 1 | 9.6 | 7.51 | 500 | -96 | 0.2 | 91.8 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 1.6 | 289 | 12.8 | | 12 | | 18.6 | 0.01 | 0.4 | 0.101 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 1.34 | | 1.8 | | Brunnen 8 | gw | 1 | 9.7 | 7.36 | 700 | -164 | 0.1 | 103 | 11.3 | 17.5 | 2.3 | 350 | 20.7 | | 30.7 | 0.05 | 22.5 | | | 0.132 | 0.24 | 1.8 | 2.32 | | 1.7 | | Brunnen 9 | gw | 1 | 9.8 | 7.56 | 600 | -143 | 0.1 | 88 | 4.7 | 9.8 | 1.5 | 232 | 7.48 | | 20.6 | | 44.9 | | | 0.126 | 0.15 | 1.7 | 1.04 | | 1.6 | | Brunnen 10 | gw | 1 | 9.3 | 7.34 | 672 | -161 | 0.1 | 120 | 8.8 | 10.2 | 1.9 | 356 | 15.8 | | 27.2 | | 50.2 | 0.01 | | 0.146 | 0.34 | 2 | 1.53 | | 2 | | Brunnen 11 | gw | 1 | 9.6 | 7.32 | 649 | -168 | 0.2 | 117 | 11.3 | 12 | 2.1 | 406 | 17.2 | | 15.2 | | 24.1 | 0.01 | | 0.128 | 0.2 | 2 | 2.18 | | 1.8 | | Brunnen 12 | gw | 1 | 10.3 | 7.48 | 779 | | | 120 | 20.3 | 18.2 | 3.7 | | 15.4 | 0.23 | 13.7 | | 16.4 | 0.02 | | 0.19 | 0.69 | | 3.22 | 0.007 | 2.5 | ==== Graphs ==== First the solution is balanced with PH. Column graphs are made by excel. ^ Name ^ Calcite(mM) | Calcit(mg/L) | Siderite(mM) | pH | DIC(mM) | pCO2(g) | Goethite(mM) | Hematite(mM) | Magnetite(mM) | Pyrite | Mackinawite | Greigite | | Brunnen 12 | 0.67 | -69.7 | 0.044 | 7.14 | 8.46 | 1.99 | | 1.89 | 2.46 | 9.37 | 0.557 | 0.536 | | Brunnen 3.1 | 0.388 | -41.7 | 0.039 | 7.11 | 7.81 | 1.82 | 0.702 | 3.34 | 3.88 | | | | | Brunnen 11 | 0.208 | -22.4 | 0.024 | 7.11 | 7.46 | 1.74 | 0.224 | 2.38 | 2.94 | 6.31 | | | | Brunnen 7 | 0.21 | -22.1 | 0.013 | 7.34 | 5.11 | 2.24 | 2.09 | 6.12 | 7.03 | | | | | Brunnen 6 | 0.126 | -14.4 | 0.022 | 7.21 | 5.79 | 1.93 | 0.728 | 3.39 | 4.12 | 2.43 | | | | Brunnen 8 | 0.119 | -13.9 | 0.028 | 7.2 | 6.36 | 1.87 | 0.528 | 2.99 | 3.69 | 3.78 | | | | Brunnen 4.3 | 0.077 | -8.4 | 0.014 | 7.13 | 6.67 | 1.74 | 0.163 | 2.26 | 2.87 | 8.55 | 0.019 | | | Brunnen 9 | 0.054 | -6 | 0.008 | 7.41 | 4.07 | 2.24 | 1.49 | 4.9 | 5.98 | | | | | Brunnen 5 | 0.042 | -5.1 | 0.012 | 7.16 | 6.25 | 1.78 | 1.95 | 5.83 | 6.49 | | | | | Brunnen 10 | | 0.8 | 0.01 | 7.12 | 6.52 | 1.71 | 0.383 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 5.36 | | | {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:calcite_mg_.png?600 |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:snipaste_2019-07-09_12-08-06.png?600 |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:siderite.png?600 |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:snipaste_2019-07-09_12-11-03.png?600 |}} But to show the mineral precipitation better, Cl is used to balace the solution. ^ Name ^ Calcite(mM) | Calcit(mg/L) | Siderite(mM) | Fe(OH)3(a) | pH | DIC(mM) | pCO2(g) | Goethite(mM) | Hematite(mM) | Magnetite(mM) | Pyrite | | Brunnen 12 | 0.596 | 61.9 | 0.033 | 0.011 | 7.12 | 8.46 | 1.91 | 5.34 | 12.6 | 13.2 | | | Brunnen 3.1 | 0.353 | 38.3 | 0.039 | | 7.1 | 7.81 | 1.8 | 0.69 | 3.31 | 3.85 | 0.087 | | Brunnen 11 | 0.311 | 33 | 0.024 | | 7.13 | 7.46 | 1.82 | 0.262 | 2.46 | 3.04 | 6.02 | | Brunnen 7 | 0.158 | 16.8 | 0.012 | | 7.33 | 5.11 | 2.15 | 2.06 | 6.06 | 6.96 | | | Brunnen 6 | 0.166 | 18.4 | 0.022 | | 7.21 | 5.79 | 1.97 | 0.745 | 3.42 | 4.16 | 2.31 | | Brunnen 8 | 0.177 | 19.9 | 0.028 | | 7.21 | 6.36 | 1.92 | 0.553 | 3.04 | 3.76 | 3.59 | | Brunnen 4.3 | 0.276 | 28.8 | 0.015 | | 7.16 | 6.67 | 1.9 | 0.237 | 2.41 | 3.06 | 8 | | Brunnen 9 | 0.086 | 9.21 | 0.008 | | 7.42 | 4.07 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 4.94 | 6.03 | | | Brunnen 5 | 0.136 | 14.6 | 0.012 | | 7.17 | 6.25 | 1.85 | 1.99 | 5.9 | 6.58 | | | Brunnen 10 | 0.242 | 25.4 | 0.012 | | 7.17 | 6.52 | 1.9 | 0.497 | 2.92 | 3.58 | 4.47 | {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:calcitecl.png?600 |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:calcite_mg_.png?600 |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:sideritecl.png?600 |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:overcl.png?600 |}} === Report === {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:the_chemical_reasons_why_some_wells_in_luebeck.pdf |}} {{ :en:projekte:mineralphases:the_chemical_reasons_why_some_wells_in_luebeck_v2.pdf |}}