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hydro:uph [2020/08/28 16:17] ckuellshydro:uph [2020/08/28 16:40] ckuells
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 +====== Unsolved Problems in Hydrology ======
 +
 ====== Time variability and change ====== ====== Time variability and change ======
  
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   - Why is most flow preferential across multiple scales and how does such behaviour co-evolve with the critical zone?   - Why is most flow preferential across multiple scales and how does such behaviour co-evolve with the critical zone?
   - Why do streams respond so quickly to precipitation inputs when storm flow is so old, and what is the transit time distribution of water in the terrestrial water cycle?   - Why do streams respond so quickly to precipitation inputs when storm flow is so old, and what is the transit time distribution of water in the terrestrial water cycle?
-Variability of extremes+ 
 +====== Variability of extremes ======
   - How do flood-rich and drought-rich periods arise, are they changing, and if so why?   - How do flood-rich and drought-rich periods arise, are they changing, and if so why?
   - Why are runoff extremes in some catchments more sensitive to land-use/cover and geomorphic change than in others?   - Why are runoff extremes in some catchments more sensitive to land-use/cover and geomorphic change than in others?
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 ====== Interfaces in hydrology ====== ====== Interfaces in hydrology ======
-12. What are the processes that control hillslope–riparian–stream–groundwater interactions and when do the compartments connect? + 
-13. What are the processes controlling the fluxes of groundwater across boundaries (e.g. groundwater recharge, inter-catchment fluxes and discharge to oceans)? +  - What are the processes that control hillslope-riparian-stream-groundwater interactions and when do the compartments connect? 
-14. What factors contribute to the long-term persistence of sources responsible for the degradation of water quality? +  What are the processes controlling the fluxes of groundwater across boundaries (e.g. groundwater recharge, inter-catchment fluxes and discharge to oceans)? 
-15. What are the extent, fate and impact of contaminants of emerging concern and how are microbial pathogens removed or inactivated in the subsurface? +  What factors contribute to the long-term persistence of sources responsible for the degradation of water quality? 
-Measurements and data +  What are the extent, fate and impact of contaminants of emerging concern and how are microbial pathogens removed or inactivated in the subsurface? 
-16. How can we use innovative technologies to measure surface and subsurface properties, states and fluxes at a range of spatial and temporal scales? + 
-17. What is the relative value of traditional hydrological observations vs soft data (qualitative observations from lay persons, data mining etc.), and under what conditions can we substitute space for time? +====== Measurements and data ====== 
-18. How can we extract information from available data on human and water systems in order to inform the building process of socio-hydrological models and conceptualisations? + 
-Modelling methods +  - How can we use innovative technologies to measure surface and subsurface properties, states and fluxes at a range of spatial and temporal scales? 
-19. How can hydrological models be adapted to be able to extrapolate to changing conditions, including changing vegetation dynamics? +  What is the relative value of traditional hydrological observations vs soft data (qualitative observations from lay persons, data mining etc.), and under what conditions can we substitute space for time? 
-20. How can we disentangle and reduce model structural/parameter/input uncertainty in hydrological prediction? +  How can we extract information from available data on human and water systems in order to inform the building process of socio-hydrological models and conceptualisations? 
-Interfaces with society + 
-21. How can the (un)certainty in hydrological predictions be communicated to decision makers and the general public? +====== Modelling methods ====== 
-22. What are the synergies and tradeoffs between societal goals related to water management (e.g. water–environment–energy–food–health)? +  How can hydrological models be adapted to be able to extrapolate to changing conditions, including changing vegetation dynamics? 
-23. What is the role of water in migration, urbanisation and the dynamics of human civilisations, and what are the implications for contemporary water management?+  How can we disentangle and reduce model structural/parameter/input uncertainty in hydrological prediction? 
 + 
 +====== Interfaces with society ====== 
 + 
 +  - How can the (un)certainty in hydrological predictions be communicated to decision makers and the general public? 
 +  What are the synergies and tradeoffs between societal goals related to water management (e.g. water environment-energy-food-health)? 
 +  What is the role of water in migration, urbanisation and the dynamics of human civilisations, and what are the implications for contemporary water management?
  
/usr/www/users/uhydro/doku/data/pages/hydro/uph.txt · Zuletzt geändert: 2024/04/10 10:02 (Externe Bearbeitung)